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  • URBim | for just and inclusive cities

    María Fernanda Carvallo, Gestor Comunitario de Mexico D.F.

    A lo largo del 2013 comentamos sobre diversas estrategias de inclusión y de superación de la pobreza en la Ciudad de México. Si bien las soluciones son variadas e innovadoras, un factor central en la solución de estos problemas es el involucramiento de la participación de la población que vive las situaciones de conflicto; puesto que desde un enfoque de participación para el desarrollo, ellos son los expertos que priorizan e identifican las necesidades y áreas de oportunidad de su desarrollo.

    Por ejemplo, el mapeo comunitario en Nezahualcóyotl, facilitado por la Universidad de las Américas, identificó las variables de vulnerabilidad de la población; al igual que los pobladores de San Andrés Totoltepec en Tlalpan, impulsado por la Organización Fomento Solidario de la Vivienda (FOSOVI). Los habitantes de ambas localidades realizaron un diagnóstico comunitario para visualizar las carencias sociales que debían de satisfacer, así como los recursos disponibles para obtener soluciones. En este sentido, se da evidencia de que la misma población que se encuentra en situaciones de vulnerabilidad, puede generar sus propias soluciones y así ser una comunidad que desarrolla estrategias de vida. El factor elemental en estos modelos de desarrollo local ha sido la intervención de actores externos, como las organizaciones de la sociedad civil, que habilitan mecanismos que cohesionan el capital social de las personas y empoderan para que la población descubra su capacidad.

    Hoy en día, la agenda de desarrollo rompe con el paradigma de los enfoques de políticas públicas desde arriba, para focalizar los esfuerzos en metodologías que permitan vincular a los diversos actores que juegan un rol activo en la promoción del bienestar. En este sentido, Enrique Betancourt, urbanista de la Ciudad de México, nos compartió en una entrevista, que uno de los grandes retos para esta ciudad es un paquete de acciones coordinadas — estrategias que integren el equipamiento e infraestructura con programas sociales y con un fuerte componente de participación ciudadana. Así mismo, la inclusión de la población marginada, como una tarea de planeación urbana, está relacionada con garantizar a las personas el derecho a la ciudad. Es decir el tutelaje de que todos accedan a los beneficios de vivir en comunidad, lo cual impulsa cambios de manera más rápida y eficiente. De acuerdo a Betancourt, es necesario borrar las barreras institucionales, sociales, y físicas que promueven que hasta ahora se dividan los ciudadanos de primera y segunda clase. Para lo anterior, es necesaria una sinergia de actores y del fortalecimiento de la capacidad de las organizaciones sociales para ofrecer la atención de servicios de manera descentralizada y abarcando a la población que aún no ha podido ejercer su derecho.

    Una Ciudad debe de erigirse sobre la inclusión y participación de sus pobladores; de tal manera, para el 2014 debemos tener en la mira que la planeación urbana debe de ser un acuerdo pactado entre los ciudadanos y las autoridades sobre el papel que la Ciudad de México desempeñará, a fin de que la ciudadanía sea participativa en el cumplimiento de esa visión.

    Foto: FOSOVI

    María Fernanda Carvallo, Mexico City Community Manager

    Throughout 2013 we discussed various inclusion and poverty reduction strategies in Mexico City. While the solutions discussed are varied and innovative, a key factor is the involvement of the population through active participation. By participating in the development of their community, citizens share their expert knowledge, which prioritizes and identifies needs, as well as areas of opportunity and development.

    One good example is the community mapping in Nezahualcóyotl, facilitated by the University of the Americas: the initiative successfully identified the population’s vulnerability, as with the population of San Andrés Totoltepec in Tlalpan, led by the Organización Fomento Solidario de la Vivienda (FOSOVI). The inhabitants of both towns conducted a community assessment in order to show the social gaps that needed closing, as well as the resources available to meet the possible solutions. This shows that citizens living in vulnerable situations can in fact generate their own solutions and thus be a community that develops livelihoods. The essential factor in these models of local development is the involvement of external actors such as civil society organizations, which help to unite residents’ social capital and empower them to discover their own potential.

    Today, the development agenda shatters the paradigm of top-down public policy approaches in order to focus on methodologies that allow the linking of various stakeholders who play an active role in promoting wellness. Enrique Betancourt, an urban expert from Mexico City, said during an interview that one of the great challenges that the city faces is a package of coordinated actions: strategies that integrate supplies, infrastructure, and social programs with a strong component of citizen participation. Moreover, the inclusion of marginalized populations is related to guaranteeing residents the right to the city. This means that all citizens must have access to the benefits of living in a community, which in turn drives changes to happen more quickly and efficiently. According to Betancourt, it is necessary to remove the institutional, social, and physical barriers that promote divisions between first- and second-class citizens. For this, it is necessary to have a synergy of actors and to strengthen the capacity of organizations that provide decentralized social care services.

    A city should be established on the principles of inclusion and participation. Therefore, in 2014 we must look to urban planning to reach an agreement between citizens and authorities on the path that Mexico City will take, so that the entire population participates in the fulfillment of this vision.

    Photo: FOSOVI

  • URBim | for just and inclusive cities

    En la pasada entrega, se brindó un pequeño vistazo a cómo se ha venido comportando la asignación presupuestal, a nivel nacional, en materia educativa, al igual que lo correspondiente a la matrícula por nivel educativo.

    Ahora, se mostrará cómo se encuentra la planta docente por nivel educativo, y se harán diversas comparaciones. Así pues, en un primer momento, se observa que la planta docente, en su totalidad, ha tenido una tasa de crecimiento medio anual (TCMA) de 1.65% durante el período de 2000-2013. Desglosando dicho dato se observan las siguientes TCMA por nivel educativo:

    Lo anterior, surge del comportamiento, en términos absolutos, que se ha tenido en los últimos años. Para ello, se observa que del año 2000 a la fecha, se habrían adicionado 283,506 profesores para todos los niveles, quedando desglosados de la siguiente manera: 138,212 profesores para educación básica; 58,760 profesores para educación media superior y 86,534 profesores para educación superior.

    En otro orden de ideas, es importante analizar el presupuesto ejercido en materia educativa de acuerdo a los Reportes Estadísticos del Cuestionario Financiamiento Educativo Estatal. Por lo anterior, dividendo la suma total de lo reportado por las entidades federativas entre el total de alumnos (todos los niveles) se observa lo siguiente:

    Realizando el mismo cálculo para cada entidad federativa otorga los siguientes resultados:

    En rojo, se muestran las entidades federativas donde la Coordinadora Nacional de Trabajadores de la Educación (CNTE) tiene mayor presencia. Lo anterior, debido a que dicha organización se opone, principalmente, a la decretada Reforma Educativa y a la prueba de Evaluación Nacional de Logro Académico en Centros Escolares (ENLACE).

    Una vez aclarado lo anterior, se observa que el promedio nacional, son $14,558.51 pesos por alumno; no obstante, entidades como Oaxaca o Chiapas presentan cantidades inferiores de más de un 30%, por lo que se debe aumentar la asignación presupuestaria en dichos estados, contemplando diversas métricas para que el incremento se vuelva una inversión (en capital humano) y no un gasto. Ello, ya que se observan que entidades como Campeche y Baja California presentan asignaciones por alumno mayores en un 52.78% y 50.2%, respectivamente.

    En la siguiente entrega, analizaremos el posible nivel de saturación que presenta cada entidad federativa, así como el promedio nacional.

  • URBim | for just and inclusive cities

    Carlin Carr, Bangalore Community Manager

    India and China have been saddled side by side in the race for rising economic superpowers. While China has edged ahead on many fronts, India’s large youth population provides a massive potential. “An estimated 1-1.2 million new workers will join the labor market in South Asia every month over the next few decades — an increase of 25-50% over the historical average,” says a World Bank report. Job creation needs to match this upcoming labor force. A new government initiative in India, the National Skills Development Corporation (NSDC), has prioritized providing this generation with the necessary education and training so the country can reap the benefits of its demographic dividend.

    While many initiatives have been launched under the NSDC, focusing on building a range of technical and artisanal capacities, an organization in Bangalore focuses on skill-building alongside “potential realization” initiatives. The Promise Foundation‘s research has found that while lack of skills is a major factor that contributes to underemployment or lack of employment with youth, so too does their confidence in their own abilities and job prospects. The organization’s unique method applies behavioral sciences to economic and social development.

    The Promise Foundation believes that early intervention is necessary, and has developed three core programs to foster personal and professional growth from a young age:

    • Stimulation Intervention Programs focus on early childhood care and education for children deprived of quality experiences for social, emotional and cognitive development.
    • Programs for Assisted Learning is an accelerated learning program targeting children who are at risk of failing and dropping out of school.
    • Work Awareness and You addresses the career development needs of high schoolers and helps them find answers to questions of planning for fruitful employment in the future.

    The three-pronged approach to preparing youth for the job market takes a more holistic and long-term perspective on the need to develop human resources for India. In a recent training in Bangalore, youth in attendance were taught core work attitudes (punctuality, reliability, safety, etc.) and were also part of a program to increase their skills. “Almost all trainees were able to secure better jobs and went on to complete formal education,” says the organization.

    The future remains to be seen. Skills training has become a government priority in the country, with a substantial budget allocation and a new uniform curricula for the various skills training initiatives under the NSDC. Yet as the Promise Foundation’s research has shown, there’s much more to developing human resources than just skills, and only when those issues are addressed will this generation’s potential be fully unleashed.

    Photo credit: One Laptop per Child

  • URBim | for just and inclusive cities

    Enrique Betancourt Gaona is an urban expert from Mexico City who shared with URB.im his expertise on urban planning. He has worked in the public sector as an advisor for the Subsecretaría de Desarrollo Urbano del D.F. (Ministry of Urban Development of Mexico City) and as the General Adjunct Director of Social Policy for the presidential administration. Read more or join the discussion.

    Submitted by Maria Fernanda Carvallo — Mon, 07/22/2013 – 00:00

    El Sistema de Salud presenta diversos problemas en el corto y mediano plazo: los recursos económicos son insuficientes, la pirámide poblacional ha comenzado a invertirse y la transición epidemiológica impone un alto costo a la atención médica. No obstante, dentro de la sociedad mexicana persisten creencias y mitos que impiden las reformas necesarias para encarar los problemas que se avecinan. Leer más.

    Submitted by Saúl Guarneros — Tue, 07/16/2013 – 10:33

    De acuerdo a la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura, conocida por sus siglas en inglés como, FAO, la población mundial está creciendo a una tasa alarmante, que de no reducirse, el mundo enfrentará problemas serios. En este sentido, la rápida urbanización y el crecimiento poblacional representan un reto para las políticas públicas que deben hacer frente a las necesidades sociales. Leer más o discutir.

    According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the world population is growing at an alarming rate, and if not tempered, the world will face serious problems. Rapid urbanization and population growth therefore pose a challenge that social policies must address. Read more or join the discussion.

    Submitted by Maria Fernanda Carvallo — Mon, 07/08/2013 – 00:00

    According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the world population is growing at an alarming rate, and if not tempered, the world will face serious problems. Rapid urbanization and population growth therefore pose a challenge that social policies must address. Read more or join the discussion.

    Submitted by Maria Fernanda Carvallo — Mon, 07/08/2013 – 00:00

    Tal como se ha comentado anteriormente (leer La urgencia de cimentar los ejes rectores hacia una sociedad saludable y La necesaria vinculación de la farmacovigilancia y la farmacoeconomía en México), México ha avanzado en materia de salud. Las enfermedades de hoy no son las de hace algunas décadas atrás, de hecho, las enfermedades que aquejan hoy en día a la sociedad mexicana son las denominadas crónico-degenerativas, dejando así en el pasado las enfermedades gastrointestinales, sarampión, entre otras. Leer más.

    Submitted by Saúl Guarneros — Wed, 06/26/2013 – 16:53

    Mexico City is ravaged every year by the seasonal flu. But in 2009, a new strain of swine flu emerged in the city, alarming enough for the World Health Organization to deem the pandemic a level 5 alert. Read more or join the discussion.

    Submitted by Maria Fernanda Carvallo — Mon, 06/24/2013 – 00:00

    El Distrito Federal cada año sufre los estragos de la influenza estacional. No obstante, las medidas de prevención de este virus tuvieron mayor énfasis a partir del surgimiento de una nueva cepa de gripe porcina en el Distrito Federal que en el año 2009 dio origen a una pandemia inminente, clasificada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud como nivel de alerta 5. Leer más o discutir.

    Mexico City is ravaged every year by the seasonal flu. But in 2009, a new strain of swine flu emerged in the city, alarming enough for the World Health Organization to deem the pandemic a level 5 alert. Read more or join the discussion.

    Submitted by Maria Fernanda Carvallo — Mon, 06/24/2013 – 00:00

    Statistics from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (the National Institute of Statistics and Geography) show that the child labor rate in Mexico City is 6.1 percent. According to Thais Desarrollo Social (Thais Social Development), child labor is a phenomenon that stems from many causes, including access to a proper education. However, poverty is the main factor that leads to child labor in Mexico City. Read more or join the discussion.

    Submitted by Maria Fernanda Carvallo — Mon, 06/10/2013 – 00:00

    Estadísticas del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía indican que la tasa de trabajo infantil en el Distrito Federal es del 6.1 por ciento. De acuerdo a Thais Desarrollo Social, el trabajo infantil es un fenómeno originado por diversas causas como la falta de acceso a educación de calidad. Sin embargo, la pobreza es el principal factor que explica la incidencia de trabajo infantil en el Distrito Federal. Leer más o discutir.

    Statistics from the Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (the National Institute of Statistics and Geography) show that the child labor rate in Mexico City is 6.1 percent. According to Thais Desarrollo Social (Thais Social Development), child labor is a phenomenon that stems from many causes, including access to a proper education. However, poverty is the main factor that leads to child labor in Mexico City. Read more or join the discussion.

    Submitted by Maria Fernanda Carvallo — Wed, 06/05/2013 – 15:59

    La Ciudad de México es el centro principal financiero y de actividad económica en el país por excelencia. Sin embargo, los datos reportados por la Secretaría de Turismo del DF indican focos rojos. Leer más.

    Submitted by Saúl Guarneros — Wed, 05/29/2013 – 10:43

  • URBim | for just and inclusive cities

    Blusukan, adalah sebuah kata dalam bahasa Jawa, yang oleh The Jakarta Post diterjemahkan sebagai impromptu visit, menjadi sangat populer setelah dipakai oleh Jokowi, gubernur Jakarta. Jokowi menggunakan kata itu untuk menggambarkan kegiatannya melakukan inspeksi langsung, seringkali tanpa sepengetahuan siapapun kapan dan kemana dia pergi, bahkan tanpa diketahui oleh staf dan wartawan yang selalu mengikuti geraknya. Kita kemudian mengetahui bahwa tujuan blusukan sesungguhnya adalah untuk melakukan komunikasi langsung dengan warga masyarakat, disamping adanya berbagai tujuan resmi lainnya, seperti untuk mencek implementasi sebuah proyek, mencek pelayanan publik yang diberikan olaeh kecamatan dan kelurahan, atau sekedar untuk melihat situasi di lapangan dan untuk mendengar langsung apa yang dikeluhkan oleh warga miskin di tingkat akar rumput. Baca lebih lanjut.

    Blusukan is a Javanese word, translated by The Jakarta Post as “impromptu visit”, popularized after being used by Jokowi, the governor of Jakarta. Jokowi used the term to denote his movement to inspect directly, often without anyone knowing when and where he goes, not even his own staff nor the journalist who usually always follow his movements. We later learned that the aim of blusukan is primarily to make direct contact with the people, as well as many official reasons such as to check the implementation of a development project, to check on public services delivered by Jokowi’s subordinates at the district and village level governments, or simply to observe the situation on the field and to listen to the urban poor’s complaints at the grassroots level. Read more.

    Submitted by Riwanto Tirtosudarmo — Tue, 03/25/2014 – 16:50

    Setelah banjir yang melanda pada pertengahan Januari hingga awal Februari mulai surut, maka mulai terlihat banyaknya kerusakan jalan di ibukota Jakarta. Jalanan rusak dan berlubang jelas sangat mengganggu aktivitas para pengendara, karena selain dapat membahayakan juga seringkali menyebabkan kemacetan. Berdasarkan data Dinas Pekerjaan Umum DKI Jakarta, ada 9.833 titik jalan rusak atau seluas 166.397 meter persegi. Melihat keadaan ini, Dinas PU DKI Jakarta terus bekerja secepat mungkin untuk memperbaiki kerusakan tersebut, Hingga hari Kamis, 6 Maret 2014 data dari Dinas PU menunjukkan sudah 70 persen jalan rusak yang diperbaiki, yaitu sebanyak 9.663 titik dengan luas 161.420 meter persegi. Sedangkan yang belum diperbaiki tinggal 170 titik dengan luas 4.977 meter persegi. Baca lebih lanjut.

    Submitted by Nanda Ratna — Fri, 03/14/2014 – 16:13

    Urban service networks have long been the domain of public utility companies, private enterprises, and city governments to plan and manage, but as cities grow rapidly, existing mechanisms become overstretched and cannot keep up with demand. Citizen participation in the management of these urban networks can go a long way to make urban systems more effective; when citizens work with them to supply information and give feedback on service quality levels and identifying service gaps. A few trends that can support this are: the increasingly widespread use of cell phones in many developing countries, and also the increasing sophistication of local community organizations to gather data to support citizen advocacy efforts. Both these mechanisms can increase citizen participation by giving the public access to information to enable citizen and community-based groups to be proactive stakeholders, not simply being clients or beneficiaries. By receiving and supplying information, the citizens can be informed and updated, and also provide information to service providers about their needs, in a way that would otherwise be difficult. Read more.

    Las redes de servicios urbanos han sido el dominio de las empresas de servicios públicos, de las empresas privadas y de los gobiernos municipales para planificar y gestionar durante mucho tiempo; considerando que las ciudades crecen rápidamente, los mecanismos existentes son agobiados y no pueden cumplir con la demanda. La participación ciudadana en la gestión de las redes urbanas ayuda al crear sistemas urbanos más efectivos; cuando los ciudadanos colaboran con las redes para suministrar información y para dar sus comentarios sobre los niveles de calidad del servicio, e identificar brechas en el servicio. Algunas tendencias que pueden apoyar esto son: el uso generalizado de teléfonos móviles en varios países en desarrollo, y también la sofisticación aumentada de las organizaciones comunitarias locales para el recaudado de datos para apoyar los esfuerzos de abogacía para los ciudadanos. Los dos mecanismos pueden aumentar la participación ciudadana al darle acceso al público a información para permitir que las organizaciones comunitarias y ciudadanas sean actores participantes proactivos, y no solamente clientes o beneficiarios. Además, al recibir y suministrar información, los ciudadanos pueden estar informados y al tanto de lo que ocurre; también, al suministrar información a los proveedores de servicios sobre sus necesidades, en un manera estratégica ayudaría. Leer más.

    Submitted by Editor — Thu, 03/13/2014 – 10:52

    As the capital of Indonesia and its center of government, politics, economics and culture, Jakarta serves many purposes. These functions have attracted migrants coming to Jakarta in search of a better life, but rapid urbanization coupled with poor city planning contributes to the city’s issues like over-population, pollution, traffic jams, flooding, and informal settlements. Read more.

    Yakarta, la capital de Indonesia y el centro de gobierno, política, economía y cultura, sirve para muchos propósitos. Estas funciones han atraído a los migrantes que vienen a Yakarta en busca de una vida mejor, pero la urbanización rápida, junto con la mala planificación de la ciudad contribuye a los problemas de la ciudad, tal como la superpoblación, la contaminación, los atascos, las inundaciones y los asentamientos informales. Leer más.

    Submitted by widya anggraini — Sat, 03/01/2014 – 10:40

    Jakarta Utara merupakan salah satu dari lima kota di Jakarta yang keseluruhan bagiannya merupakan daerah pesisir. Secara historis Jakarta berkembang melalui wilayah ini sebab keberadaan pelabuhan utama bagi Kerajaan Tarumanegara, sebutan Jakarta dahulu kala, memungkinkan Jakarta melakukan aktivitas ekonomi dengan berbagai daerah dan berkembang seperti saat ini. Secara administratif, Jakarta memiliki enam kecamatan dengan beragam potensi perikanan laut. Salah satu daerahnya adalah Muara Angke di Kecamatan Penjaringan yang dikenal sebagai desa nelayan dan rumah bagi hutan asli mangrove. Beragam masalah kini hadir di daerah tersebut dikarenakan berkurangnya jumlah nelayan dan hasil produksi mereka karena sulitnya modal dan kekhawatiran kehilangan ladang karena proses reklamasi di Pantai Utara yang rencananya akan dijadikan permukiman. Untuk itu pemerintah saat ini telah melaksanakan sebuah program Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat Pesisir (PEMP) dan rencana menjadikan kampung nelayan menjadi daerah wisata. Selain itu berbagai Lsm penggiat lingkungan melakukan advokasi penyelamatan hutan mangrove di Jakarta. Baca lebih lanjut atau bergabung dalam diskusi.

    North Jakarta is one of the five towns in Jakarta consisting entirely of coastal areas. Historically, Jakarta started to grow because of the presence of a major port in the Tarumanegara Kingdom, a place of yore that stirred economic activity in the various regions and enabled them to flourish. Jakarta has six districts with diverse marine fisheries. One region in the Penjaringan District is Muara Angke, known as a fishing village and home to the original mangrove forest. Various problems are now present in the area — the decreasing number of fishermen and the drop in production stem from the difficulty of raising capital and the concern over losing farmland, as there are plans for the North Coast to be transformed into a residential settlement. To that end, the government has developed Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat Pesisir (the Coastal Community Economic Empowerment program, or PEMP) and plans to transform fishing villages into tourist destinations. In addition, a variety of environmental activist groups are advocating the preservation of mangrove forests in Jakarta. Read more or join the discussion.

    Submitted by widya anggraini — Fri, 02/14/2014 – 11:17

    Di awal tahun Kuda, berdasarkan penanggalan Cina, Indonesia mendapat hantaman banjir yang dahsyat. Kombinasi berbagai faktor, terutama hujan yang tiada henti, perubahan iklim dan kerusakan lingkungan akibat ulah manusia; telah melumpuhkan tidak hanya Jakarta, ibukota negara, namun banyak tempat laindi Jawa dan pulau-pulau lainnya. Jakarta seperti biasa selalu menjadi pusat perhatian media karena banjir mencerminkan kinerja pemerintah kota dalam menangani masalah ini. Publik melihat disamping upaya habis-habisan dari Jokowi sebagai gubernur baru dalam mencegah dampak banjir namun upaya ini tampak tak berarti karena volume air yang mencapai puncaknya akibat hujan turun setiap hari di bulan Januari. Baca lebih lanjut.

    In the beginning the Year of Horse according to the Chinese calendar, Indonesia was hit by severe flooding. A combination of factors, most notably unabated rains, climate change and manmade environmental destruction have paralyzed not only Jakarta, the capital city, but many places in Java and on other islands. Jakarta has always been the center of media attention as flooding reflects the performance of the city government in handling the case. The public noticed that despite all-out efforts by Jokowi as the new governor to curb the potential flooding, the effort seemed meaningless as the volume of water reached its peak as it pored throughout January. Read more.

    Submitted by Riwanto Tirtosudarmo — Wed, 02/05/2014 – 14:59

    Genap sudah bencana banjir melanda ibukota Indonesia, Jakarta, selama satu bulan di tahun 2014. Jakarta memang menjadi langganan banjir, bahkan sejak dulu Belanda menjajah Batavia. Banjir Jakarta pertama kali tercatat tahun 1621. Pemerintah Belanda pada waktu itu pun berupaya menangani banjir dengan melaksanakan berbagai mega proyek seperti pembangunan tiga bendungan besar Jakarta tahun 1918, yakni Bendungan Hilir, Bendungan Jago dan Bendungan Udik. Selain itu, pada tahun 1922 Belanda juga membangun Banjir Kanal Barat (BKB) yang membuka pintu air Manggarai-Rawa Angke. Baca lebih lanjut.

    Submitted by Rendy A. Diningrat — Tue, 02/04/2014 – 05:38

    Komisi Nasional Perlindungan Anak melaporkan sedikitnya ada 2.637 kasus kekerasan terhadap anak sepanjang tahun 2012 dan 62 persen diantaranya merupakan kekerasan seksual terhadap anak dimana mayoritas korban berasal dari kalangan ekonomi menengah ke bawah. Tren kasus kekerasan terhadap anak meningkat tiap tahunnya. Tingginya angka kekerasan ini menunjukkan betapa buruknya perlindungan anak dan minimnya kebijakan yang berpihak terhadap anak. Secara nasional, negara merespon dengan mengeluarkan undang-undang perlindungan anak yang menyatakan dengan jelas bahwa negara menjamin dan melindungi anak dan hak-haknya agar dapat hidup, tumbuh, berkembang secara optimal serta mendapat perlindungan dari kekerasan dan diskriminasi. Munculnya Undang-undang ini diikuti oleh keluarnya peraturan standar minimum pelayanan terpadu bagi perempuan dan anak korban kekerasan. Baca lebih lanjut atau bergabung dalam diskusi.

    The National Commission for Child Protection reported at least 2,637 cases of violence against children in 2012 with 62 percent comprising of sexual abuse cases, in which the majority of the victims are from the middle and lower classes. Cases of child violence have seen an upward trend and are increasing each year. This high rate of violence points to the appalling state of child protection and to the lack of policies directed towards it. On a national level, the state has responded by issuing a child protection act which makes clear their guarantee to protect children and their rights in order for them to live, grow, achieve optimal development, and receive protection from violence and discrimination. The emergence of this act was followed by the issuance of minimum integrated service standard policies for women and child victims of violence. Read more or join the discussion.

    Submitted by widya anggraini — Mon, 02/03/2014 – 00:00

    Seiring datangnya tahun yang baru, tahun 2014 ini, musim hujan pun datang di jakarta dan sekitarnya. Hal tersebut dinyatakan dengan status Jakarta siaga banjir, terhitung sejak tanggal 13 Januari hingga 12 Februari 2014. Turunnya hujan dengan intensitas yang tinggi dan selama berhari-hari didaerah Jabodetabek menyebabkan beberapa daerah di ibukota dan sekitarnya pun tergenang air banjir dengan ketinggian air yang beragam. Sungai-sungai yang meluap juga menenggelamkan pemukiman warga di sekitarnya. Baca lebih lanjut.

    Submitted by Nanda Ratna — Mon, 01/27/2014 – 13:05

    Bagi kebanyakan orang Jakarta identik dengan kota macet, kota polusi, kota mall atau kota banjir. Sedikit atau bahkan hampir tidak ada yang menyebut Jakarta sebagai kota Hijau. Sebutan ini bukan tanpa alasan mengingat kondisi Jakarta saat ini yang kian macet, polusi udara yang parah, pembangunan yang banyak menyalahi penggunaan lahan dan tingkat urbanisasi yang tinggi dan munculnya kampung kumuh. Kondisi ini membuat masyarakat merindukan kehadiran ruang terbuka hijau atau taman-taman di pusat kota yang berfungsi sebagai tempat rekreasi, olahraga, serta interaksi sosial. Hal-hal inilah yang menjadi harapan masyarakat di tahun 2014 yang ingin melihat lebih sedikit pembangunan mall dan lebih banyak taman kota. Secara kebijakan, pemerintah telah merespon dengan mengeluarkan undang-undang Penataan Ruang yang secara tegas mengamanatkan bahwa 30% dari wilyah kota berwujud Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH). Undang-undang ini kemudian diterjemahkan kedalam sebuah program bernama Program Pengembangan Kota HIjau (P2KH). Baca lebih lanjut atau bergabung dalam diskusi.

    For most people, Jakarta is associated with traffic, pollution, shopping centers, or floods. Rarely do people identify Jakarta as a green city. This is unsurprising considering the city’s increasing traffic jams and air pollution, the rapid land development in violation of city plans, and growing slums. These circumstances have led Jakartarians to long for the presence of green open space or public parks that could function as locations for recreational, exercise, and social activities. This is the hope of Jakarta’s residents for 2014: less shopping malls, more public parks. In terms of city ordinance, the government has responded to the people by passing the Spatial Planning Bill, which strictly states that 30 percent of the city must consist of green open space. This bill then was translated into a project called the Green City Expansion Project (P2KH). Read more or join the discussion.

    Submitted by widya anggraini — Mon, 01/06/2014 – 00:00

  • URBim | for just and inclusive cities

    When talking about foreign investment in Africa, China springs to mind first. Chinese malls, Chinese highways, Chinese bridges. But Chinese housing? Not so much. Because like so many other investors, the Chinese failed to link the target market with the much-needed quality social housing. On a continent where mortgage markets barely exceed 5% of GDP (compare that with 40% of GDP in North America and a whopping 80% in Denmark!), owning a house is merely a dream for most — a pretty far-off dream. Read more.

    Submitted by Editor — Wed, 07/10/2013 – 12:43

    The Makoko riverfront is an informal residential area that is Lagos’ largest and most visible slum. It is located right beside the busiest highway in the state, which is the most used route to link the mainland to Lagos Island. Makoko village is mostly made up of fishermen and their families, and it is here that the famous floating school is being built. This informal community has been a bone of contention for the state government for three main reasons: it is unsanctioned, shanties have expanding beyond the established boundary, and some of the erected shanties are dangerously close to electric lines and poles. Read more or join the discussion.

    Submitted by Wura — Mon, 07/01/2013 – 00:00

    On July 13, 2010, approximately 15 buildings in the areas of Establ Antar and Ezbet Khairallah were demolished. As written in the 2011 Amnesty International report, families in these buildings were forced to remove their personal possessions and pay 200 LE (approximately $36 USD) for truck to take their belongings to alternative housing units in 6th of October City. Once the demolition began, security forces at the scene began to offload the belongings of 21 families, claiming that they were trying to cheat the enumeration process for free housing and they weren’t residents of the area. These families were then told that by paying 5000 LE ($890 USD) to a middle-man, they could be placed on the enumeration list. Read more or join the discussion.

    Submitted by Howaida Kamel — Mon, 07/01/2013 – 00:00

    Mumbai’s quest to become a world-class city shines with rhetoric of “clean” and “green.” The efforts have spawned policies of making the city slum-free; demolitions, relocations and high-rise government slum redevelopment buildings define much of the existing plan and actions. Standing in between the government’s Shanghai dream and the existing state is 62 percent of the city’s population who lives in slums. The “eyesores” are taking up precious city land that has grown in value exponentially over the decades. Plans to deal with the impediments ignore the vibrant upgrading and development that has been taking place inside these settlements all over the city. Read more or join the discussion.

    Submitted by Carlin Carr — Mon, 07/01/2013 – 00:00

    في اليوم الثالث عشر من يوليو سنة ٢٠١٠، تم هدم ما يقرب من ١٥ مبنى في منطقتي إسطبل عنتر وعزبة خير الله. بين تقرير منظمة العفو الدولي Amnesty International report 2011 أن العائلات التي كانت تعيش في هذه المساكن أجبرت على إزالة ممتلكاتهم الشخصية ودفع ٢٠٠ جنيها مصريا (حوالي ٣٦ دولار أمريكي) لشحن أمتعتهم إلى الوحدات السكنية البديلة في مدينة ٦ أكتوبر. عندما بدأت عملية الهدم، قامت قوات الأمن بإفراغ هذه الوحدات السكنية، مدعين أن هذه الاسر ليس لها الحق أن تعيش في هذه المباني لأنها حاولت غش عملية التعداد للحصول على السكن المجاني. ثم قيل لهؤلاء السكان أنهم يمكنهم دفع ٥٠٠٠ جنيه (٨٩٠ دولار أمريكي) لتسجيل اسمهم في قائمة التعداد.

    Submitted by Howaida Kamel — Mon, 07/01/2013 – 00:00

    “Mafalala is the capital of Maputo,” Ivan told me the first time we met in Mafalala, Maputo’s oldest township. As in many other informal settlements, the population of Mafalala (21,000 inhabitants) lives in severely disadvantaged conditions, with insufficient and inadequate basic services and infrastructure, inadequate houses and social services, acute security and health problems, and high unemployment levels. Mafalala is, however, also a place of national pride and collective identity, with a rich history infused with the struggle for independence, a landscape marked by colorful historic corrugated iron and wood houses, and a multicultural population that live together in mutual respect for each others’ traditions. Read more.

    Submitted by Editor — Tue, 06/25/2013 – 10:22

    Anyone comparing countries can quickly conclude there isn’t a direct fixed relationship between economic growth and quality public services. Per capita income can be terrible while total national income is high. Economic growth can be high yet maintain widespread inequality. This is not a sustainable way to run a country, yet this is how things are and have always been done in Brazil, the last country in the Americas to abolish slavery and today the world’s 7th largest economy where 21% of the population is still under the poverty line. Brazil today is 106th in GDP per capita. We also rank among the worst in inequality, at number 17, although this is a significant improvement over the 1st place position we occupied two decades ago. Read more.

    Submitted by Catalytic Communities — Thu, 06/20/2013 – 11:08

    Makoko is a slum settlement on the Lagos Lagoon. There are no reliable population figures, but estimates for the number of inhabitants range from 100,000 to 300,000. According to the NGO Social and Economic Rights Action Center (SERAC), Makoko supplies forty percent of the dried fish sold in Lagos. The settlement is not a face of Lagos that the state government is proud of, and there have been attempts to pull it down and evict the inhabitants, as has been done elsewhere. The first time I visited Makoko, in November 2011, residents showed me (I was visiting with two foreign journalists) evidence of what the demolitioners had accomplished on a previous mission. Read more.

    Submitted by Tolu Ogunlesi — Fri, 05/10/2013 – 09:37

    The term Private Public Partnerships (PPP) in India is a dirty one. While partnerships present an opportunity for stakeholder collaboration that generate value by pooling of complementary expertise and resources, the practice in India has meant subcontracting of tasks and strategy by public sector to the private sector with little accountability or responsibilities on outcomes. The only driver of the partnership has been project finance and profits. This has been especially true in housing or slum redevelopment schemes from Dharavi in Mumbai to Katputali colony in Delhi driven by PPPs between city governments and large private developers. Maximizing the value of land while delivering maximum number of low-income housing are contradictory and misleading national policy objectives with fatal social outcomes. Read more.

    Submitted by Rakhi Mehra — Fri, 04/05/2013 – 04:51

    Homelessness in Nairobi is not always apparent to the passer-by. By night the streets of central town are not full of people sleeping rough as is often the case in affluent “developed” cities. Even in slums, homelessness is quite contained, with people cramming into tiny huts but not on the beaten paths outside. There is, however, one part of the population that makes a living in the shadows of Nairobi’s streets. These are youth, constantly on the run from the police, many of whom make a bed for themselves when night falls wherever they can. Read more or join the discussion.

    Submitted by Katy Fentress — Mon, 03/11/2013 – 01:00

  • URBim | for just and inclusive cities

    “Mafalala is the capital of Maputo,” Ivan told me the first time we met in Mafalala, Maputo’s oldest township. As in many other informal settlements, the population of Mafalala (21,000 inhabitants) lives in severely disadvantaged conditions, with insufficient and inadequate basic services and infrastructure, inadequate houses and social services, acute security and health problems, and high unemployment levels. Mafalala is, however, also a place of national pride and collective identity, with a rich history infused with the struggle for independence, a landscape marked by colorful historic corrugated iron and wood houses, and a multicultural population that live together in mutual respect for each others’ traditions. Read more.

    Submitted by Editor — Tue, 06/25/2013 – 10:22

    Makoko is a slum settlement on the Lagos Lagoon. There are no reliable population figures, but estimates for the number of inhabitants range from 100,000 to 300,000. According to the NGO Social and Economic Rights Action Center (SERAC), Makoko supplies forty percent of the dried fish sold in Lagos. The settlement is not a face of Lagos that the state government is proud of, and there have been attempts to pull it down and evict the inhabitants, as has been done elsewhere. The first time I visited Makoko, in November 2011, residents showed me (I was visiting with two foreign journalists) evidence of what the demolitioners had accomplished on a previous mission. Read more.

    Submitted by Tolu Ogunlesi — Fri, 05/10/2013 – 09:37

    Permasalahan kemiskinan merupakan salah satu pekerjaan rumah DKI Jakarta yang perlu segera diselesaikan. Setidaknya, sebanyak 360 ribu warga miskin di Jakarta menunggu perhatian pemerintah agar bisa “dipindahkan” ke dalam kelompok ekonomi yang lebih mapan. Apalagi bila angka ini juga dikaitkan dengan jumlah penduduk yang berada di kelompok ekonomi rentan (vulnerable). Meski secara grafik penduduk di kelompok ini berada di luar garis kemiskinan (red: sekitar garis kemiskinan); namun kenyataannya jumlah mereka jauh lebih banyak, dengan kondisi yang juga memprihatinkan. Baca lebih lanjut.

    Submitted by Rendy A. Diningrat — Mon, 03/11/2013 – 11:04

    Durante el último siglo, la esperanza de vida en el país ha presentado un crecimiento importante, el cual ha sido constante, pasando de 59.4 años en 1965 a 76.8 años en 2011, es decir, ha presentado una tasa de crecimiento media anual de 0.57%, de igual forma, el cambio epidemiológico se ha comenzado a observar.

    Submitted by Saúl Guarneros — Wed, 02/27/2013 – 12:05

    “La ciudad (polis) es una de las cosas que existen por naturaleza; y el hombre es, por naturaleza, un animal político.” — Aristóteles

    Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) el hombre y la mujer son seres biopsicosociales. Este término engloba al ser humano como un ente físico, mental y social.

    En otras palabras, este término quiere decir que el ser humano es un ente con un organismo complejo y con una mentalidad enredada que construye su vida con base en valores, conciencia, ética, motivaciones, deseos, personalidad, entre varios ingredientes. Estas variables se forjan en sociedad a través de la familia, amistades, comunidad, municipio, nación, grupos sociales, entre otros.

    Si estas aseveraciones son ciertas, sin duda vale la pena analizar, debatir, describir y entender lo que ocurre en las ciudades tomando en cuenta que dentro de ellas habitan millones de personas que por diversos que sean sus intereses, todos buscan construir un mínimo de bienestar.

    En este contexto, agradezco a Dallant Networks, URB.IM y en especial a Víctor Dallant por invitarme a deliberar sobre historias de personas en ciudades que buscan incrementar su bienestar y disfrutar su dharma, a través de diferentes estrategias e interacción con diversos actores de la sociedad civil, gobierno, organismos internacionales y sector privado.

    Es así que les comparto que a partir de hoy damos el banderazo a este Blog en donde vamos a reflexionar sobre historias de personas que buscan incrementar su bienestar en la Ciudad de México. Algunas serán historias exitosas, otras serán historias de fracaso y otras serán ideales para abrir el debate y opinar en esta arena ciudadana que es el world wide web.

    Por último, te invito a que formes parte de este debate activo en twitter a través de las cuentas de @urb_im, @dallant, @fer_carvallo y @jesusgastelum.

    Submitted by Jesús Gastelum — Sat, 01/19/2013 – 21:20

    Event: Education and Development Conference
    5–7 March 2013 Bangkok, Thailand

    This three-day program is unlike most academic conferences. It aims to bring scholars and students together as well as experienced professionals willing to learn, share their ideas and their great achievements, while addressing the importance of education and its strong correlation with development. Learn more.

  • URBim | for just and inclusive cities

    One of the key debates that have emerged within development studies is to whom does the responsibility lie? The structuralists among us focus on the ‘state’. It is defined as the state’s duty, and responsibility, to meet people’s needs. Alternatively, perspectives emerge identifying the state as an enabler – the key actors are civil society. The focus on grass-roots action has, however, raised considerable debate. Critics have argued firstly, civil-society is not necessarily positive. The broad category of ‘civil-society’ – whether communities, NGOs, or FBOs – rely on ‘social-capital, defined as the linkages amongst members of society. However, such capital assets by which people are argued to be able to rely, and draw, upon have been shown to have negative components and remain structured within a system of power inequalities. For example not all women joining a micro-finance programme are strategically empowered as the burden of time-poverty remains and not all can have their voice heard. Secondly, the social-capital resources are not indefinite but rather constrained and limited over time through a ‘poverty of resources’ (Gonzalez de la Rocha, 2001). Thirdly, should we be relying on social-capital to meet needs? However, traditionally, within many cultures in Africa, the community has played a major role in creating self-sufficient communities. Therefore do we need to revitalise the focus on social-capital? Read more.

    Submitted by Gemma Todd — Fri, 02/07/2014 – 10:42

    Upon exploring how just and inclusive cities can emerge a key component of analysis is social life — how people act in cities, the complex character of sociability, and the factors designing urban life. Multiple concepts have been raised to define what a city is — and has become, and further, what kind of life materialises within urban spaces. Over time cities have been conceptualised as ‘misanthropic’, expressing disorganisation, violence, and a dense concentration of people whom adopt different mentalities and motives. Such urban personas are expressed through space. Read more.

    Submitted by Editor — Mon, 12/02/2013 – 14:18

    Peristiwanya sederhana. Seorang lurah, perempuan dan beragama Kristen, yang baru diangkat, diprotes oleh sekelompok orang yang menganggap bahwa dia tidak tepat memimpin sebuah kelurahan yang mayoritasnya beragama Islam. Peristiwa ini terjadi di Kelurahan Lenteng Agung, Jakarta Selatan, di ibukota Negara Republik Indonesia. Baca lebih lanjut.

    The event looks very simple. A new appointed sub-district head, a women and a Christian, is rejected by a group of people as she is perceived to be not appropriate to lead a sub-district with a Muslim majority. This event occurred in the Lenteng Agung sub-district, South Jakarta, in the capital city of Indonesia. Read more.

    Submitted by Riwanto Tirtosudarmo — Tue, 10/22/2013 – 11:22

    La participación ciudadana es importante al momento de definir problemas, metas y objetivos, así como durante el diseño y ejecución de un programa o política pública. Lo anterior, debido a que no sólo causa un efecto positivo en la población al sentirse tomada en cuenta, también genera un compromiso total hacia el cumplimiento de las metas y objetivos establecidos. Leer más.

    Submitted by Saúl Guarneros — Fri, 07/26/2013 – 16:46

    Anyone comparing countries can quickly conclude there isn’t a direct fixed relationship between economic growth and quality public services. Per capita income can be terrible while total national income is high. Economic growth can be high yet maintain widespread inequality. This is not a sustainable way to run a country, yet this is how things are and have always been done in Brazil, the last country in the Americas to abolish slavery and today the world’s 7th largest economy where 21% of the population is still under the poverty line. Brazil today is 106th in GDP per capita. We also rank among the worst in inequality, at number 17, although this is a significant improvement over the 1st place position we occupied two decades ago. Read more.

    Submitted by Catalytic Communities — Thu, 06/20/2013 – 11:08

    Event: The Justice Conference
    22–23 February 2013 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

    The Justice Conference is a two-day annual event to promote dialogue around justice related issues such as human trafficking, slavery, poverty, HIV/AIDS and human rights, featuring internationally acclaimed speakers, hundreds of humanitarian organizations and dozens of pre-conference workshops. Learn more.

  • URBim | for just and inclusive cities

    Widya Anggraini, Jakarta Community Manager

    Apa yang terjadi ketika seseorang memutuskan naik sepeda di Jakarta? Rata-rata mereka pasti akan mengeluh soal betapa parah polusi dan kemacetan di jalan, belum ditambah sepeda motor atau bis kota yang tidak mau mengalah dan memotong jalan dan mobil yang kian hari jumlahnya terus bertambah. Ditengah kekacauan kota Jakarta, ada angin segar dari pemerintah yang mulai menunjukkan keberpihakan terhadap para pemakai sepeda di Jakarta dengan membuat jalur sepeda pertama kalinya tahun 2011. Meski demikian masih banyak tantangan bagi Jakarta untuk menjadi kota yang ramah bagi pemakai sepeda.

    Berdasarkan data dari Direktorat Lalu Lintas (Ditlantas) Polda Metro Jaya di bulan April 2012 terdapat 13.346.802 kendaraan yang membebani Jakarta. Perinciannya adalah motor 9.861.451 unit, mobil 2.541.351 unit, mobil beban 581.290 unit, dan bus 363.710 unit. Selama ini kebijakan pemerintah untuk mengurangi kemacetan Jakarta adalah melalui penambahan jalan, tol, fly over, underpass, dan kebijakan 3-in-1 yang hanya mampu memberi efek jangka pendek sebab tidak diikuti oleh pengurangan jumlah kendaraan bermotor. Sementara itu, rata-rata pertumbuhan kendaraan bermotor mencapai 11% pertahun yang jika tidak segera diatasi akan menyebabkan Jakarta menjadi lebih macet dan kacau.

    Pada tahun-tahun terakhir ini, Jakarta sudah mulai familiar dengan para pengguna sepeda. Meski jumlah mereka tidak banyak, namun hadirnya ide untuk memakai sepeda di wilayah ibukota sudah mulai terasa geliatnya. Para penggiat sepeda seperti Komite Sepeda Indonesia bahkan menyumbangkan 500 juta rupiah kepada pemerintah untuk membuat jalur sepeda. Begitu pula dengan gerakan Bike to Work Indonesia yang mulai gencar melakukan kampanye agar masyarakat beralih moda transportasi dengan sepeda menuju tempat kerja. Kampanye ini mereka lakukan mulai tahun 2004. Hingga kini sudah banyak bermunculan kelompok sepeda di Jakarta dan sekitarnya yang kerap juga melakukan acara fun bike dan touring terutama di hari minggu dan hari-hari libur lainnya untuk alasan kesehatan maupun hobi.

    Kemunculan penggiat sepeda ini mulai direspon oleh pemerintah Jakarta. Misalnya pada tahun 2011 telah diresmikan untuk pertama kalinya jalur sepeda di Jakarta dengan rute Taman Ayodya menuju Blok M sepanjang 1,5 km. Kemudian di akhir tahun 2012, Gubernur DKI Jakarta meresmikan jalur sepeda terpanjang di Jakarta yaitu 6,7 km di Kanal Banjir Timur. Kanan kiri jalur sepeda juga dibuatkan ruang hijau taman yang bisa dinikmati masyarakat umum.

    Meski Jakarta sudah memiliki jalur sepeda, tantangan lain yang dihadapi para pemakai sepeda adalah lemahnya penegakan hukum bagi pengguna motor yang sering menyerobot jalur sepeda seperti yang banyak terlihat di jalur sepeda Banjir Kanal Timur, Jakarta Timur. Sepeda motor selalu mengambil hak pengguna sepeda padahal Dinas Perhubungan sudah melakukan sosialisasi dan sebenarnya hak pengguna sepeda juga sudah dilindungi dalam UU No 22 Tahun 2009 tentang Jalan dan Lalu Lintas. Para penggiat sepeda akhirnya melakukan kampanye ‘Rebut Jalur Sepeda’ dengan mengumpulkan ratusan pengguna sepeda dan memenuhi jalur sepeda sehingga pengendara motor lain segan. Gerakan seperti ini biasa dilakukan sebagai bagian dari advokasi untuk mengingatkan penggunan kendaraan lain untuk menghormati hak orang lain.

    Foto: John watson

    Widya Anggraini, Jakarta Community Manager

    What happens when a resident decides to ride a bike in Jakarta? On average, they would complain about pollution and congestion, motorcycles and city buses cutting lanes and refusing to share the road, and the endlessly increasing number of vehicles. Amid the chaos of the city, the government has recently begun to show partiality towards bicyclists in Jakarta, building bike lanes for the first time in 2011. Nevertheless, there are still many challenges for Jakarta to overcome in order to become a bike-friendly city.

    Based on data from the Directorate of Traffic City Police, there were 13,346,802 vehicles in Jakarta in the month of April 2012. This number includes 9,861,451 motorcycles, 2,541,351 cars, 581,290 trucks, and 363,710 buses. The government’s efforts to reduce congestion in Jakarta through the addition of roads, tolls, flyovers, underpasses, and the 3-in-1 policy (where during peak hours, there must be a minimum of three people in one car on certain main roads) are only short-term solutions as their implementation was not followed by a reduction in the number of motor vehicles. In the meantime, the average growth in the number of motor vehicles has reached 11 percent a year, which if not immediately addressed will cause Jakarta to become even more jammed and chaotic.

    In recent years, Jakarta has started to become more familiar with bicyclists. Although they are still few in number, the idea of riding a bicycle is beginning to take shape in the capital city. Bicycle activists like the Bicycle Committee of Indonesia have even donated 500 million dollars to the government to build more bike lanes. Similarly, the booming Bike to Work Indonesia movement is campaigning for citizens to switch modes of transportation and cycle to work. This campaign started in 2004. Today, many bicycling groups are emerging in Jakarta, hosting fun biking events and tours mostly during the weekends and holidays, for both hobbyists and health-conscious residents.

    The government has also started to respond to the emergence of biking enthusiasts. For example, 2011 saw the first ever official bike lane in Jakarta, the 1.5km Ayodya Park to Blok M route. Then in late 2012, the governor of Jakarta unveiled a 6.7km bike path in the East Flood Canal, the longest bike path in the city. All over the city, bike lanes have been created in parks which can be enjoyed by the general public.

    Although Jakarta already has bike lanes, another challenge faced by bicyclists is the lack of enforcement for motorcyclists who cut into lanes designated specifically for bicycles, like in the East Flood Canal area of East Jakarta. Motorcyclists erode on cyclists’ rights, even though the Department of Transportation has protected these rights under Law No. 22 on the Road and Traffic since 2009. Biking activists have therefore launched a “Seize the Bike Lanes” campaign, which puts together hundreds of bicyclists to fill up the lanes so that motorcyclists are reluctant to use them. Movements like this are usually conducted as part of advocacy efforts to remind motorists to respect the rights of others on the road.

    Photo: John watson

  • URBim | for just and inclusive cities

    Rendy A. Diningrat

    Permasalahan kemiskinan merupakan salah satu pekerjaan rumah DKI Jakarta yang perlu segera diselesaikan. Setidaknya, sebanyak 360 ribu warga miskin di Jakarta menunggu perhatian pemerintah agar bisa “dipindahkan” ke dalam kelompok ekonomi yang lebih mapan. Apalagi bila angka ini juga dikaitkan dengan jumlah penduduk yang berada di kelompok ekonomi rentan (vulnerable). Meski secara grafik penduduk di kelompok ini berada di luar garis kemiskinan (red: sekitar garis kemiskinan); namun kenyataannya jumlah mereka jauh lebih banyak, dengan kondisi yang juga memprihatinkan.

    Ya, kemiskinan memang jerat setan yang sulit diputuskan. Hal ini berkaitan dengan kemampuan warga miskin untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dasar, termasuk menjangkau layanan pendidikan dan juga kesehatan. Pendidikan dan kesehatan merupakan investasi jangka panjang untuk meningkatkan kualitas kehidupan. Bayangkan saja, melalui tingginya latar belakang pendidikan, seseorang akan lebih mudah untuk memperoleh pekerjaan yang lebih mapan. Ditambah lagi dengan kondisi kesehatan yang selalu prima. Dengan begitu, mereka akan mampu meningkatkan produktivitasnya dan jauh dari gejala-gejala pesakitan.

    Kembali pada kompleksitas kemiskinan, bila pendidikan dan kesehatan saja sulit untuk didapatkan, maka kemungkinan warga miskin untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidupnya pun akan sulit direalisasikan. Apalagi bila kondisi ini selalu dibenturkan dengan kebutuhan yang lebih mendasar seperti memperoleh makanan. Maka tak heran bila beberapa waktu lalu, Harian Kompas menyebutkan bahwa jika warga miskin sudah terlalu frustasi, pilihannya pun hanya tiga: berhutang, mengurangi biaya makan, atau nekat bunuh diri.

    Jakarta Pintar, Jakarta Sehat

    Memasuki bulan kelima kepemimpinan Jokowi di Jakarta, berbagai gebrakan untuk mengatasi persoalan kemiskinan pun sedikit banyak telah dilancarkan. Harapan agar warga miskin di Jakarta bisa dengan mudah mengakses pendidikan dan layanan kesehatan, dilancarkannya melalui program Jakarta Pintar dan Jakarta Sehat.

    Program Jakarta Pintar merupakan program yang memfokuskan pada terbantunya warga kurang mampu atau warga miskin untuk memperoleh pendidikan mulai dari SD, SMP, dan SMA. Program ini dilakukan dengan cara menggulirkan Kartu Jakarta Pintar (KJP) kepada para pelajar baik yang bersekolah di sekolah negeri maupun swasta. Adapun target KJP yang tersebar di tahun ini ialah sebanyak 332 ribu KJP dengan alokasi anggaran sebesar Rp 804 miliar. Melalui program ini nantinya para siswa penerima KJP mendapat bantuan dana pendidikan sebesar Rp180-240 ribu tiap bulannya.

    Sementara program Jakarta Sehat ialah program unggulan DKI Jakarta yang memfokuskan pada kebutuhan warga kurang mampu atau warga miskin agar dapat mengakses layanan kesehatan secara gratis. Program ini menargetkan 4,2 juta warga di seluh DKI Jakarta sebagai penerima Kartu Jakarta Sehat (KJS). Adapun anggaran yang telah disediakan pada tahun ini ialah sebesar Rp 900 miliar. Program Jakarta Sehat ini sekaligus untuk merubah kebiasaan warga miskin yang umumnya hanya diam di rumah karena biaya berobat yang mahal.